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Background
Since the range of
intensity of sound which the human ear can detect is so large, the scale
which is used to measure intensity is a scale based on multiples of 10.
This type of scale is often referred to as a logarithmic scale. The scale
for measuring intensity is the decibel scale.
Not all sound pressures are
equally loud. This is because the human ear does not respond equally to
all frequencies: we are much more sensitive to sounds in the mid frequency
than to very low or high frequency sounds. For this reason, noise monitors
are usually fitted with a filter whose response to frequency is intended
to mimic that of the human ear. If the "A weighting filter" is
used – as is the case with the equipment being installed around London
Manston Airport - the sound pressure level is given in units of dB(A).
Sound pressure level on the dB(A) scale is easy to measure and is
therefore widely used.
As is common industry
practice, the locations of the two noise monitoring sites have been chosen
to correspond with the ‘flyover’ reference noise measurement point –
approximately 6.5 km from start of take of roll – as described in Annex
16 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation. The noise monitors
themselves are configured to identify aircraft related noise ‘events’
by virtue of the characteristics of the flyover eg. duration, rate of rise
and fall etc. These events are then correlated to flight movement data.
It should be noted that
data within this report has been gathered solely at the easterly noise
monitor (No. 2) which is sited at Clarendon House Grammar School,
Ramsgate. |