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5.7 Recreation and tourism

5.7.1 Thanet covers an area of 40 square miles, with 26 miles of coastline made up of a series of sandy beaches, backed by chalk cliffs. The area has three main resorts; Margate, Broadstairs and Ramsgate. They are all traditional seaside resorts, but differ in character (Table 56)

Table 94: Thanet as a tourist destination

Location

Character

Margate

-Large sandy beaches
-Traditional British seafront
-Main promenade with amusements
-Surrounding bays with sandy beaches and clifftop promenades

Broadstairs

-Compact picturesque resort
-Quiet sandy beach
-Scenic harbour area
-Award winning floral displays
-Dickens connection

Ramsgate

-Regency town
-Artistic and literary connections
-Access point to Europe

SEETB (1998)

5.7.2 The top three activities are walking along the promenade, shopping and spending time on the beach. Walks in the countryside and museums are much less popular for day visitors. Day visitors and staying visitors are generally reasonably aware of attractions across Thanet, with 60-70% of all visitors have good awareness of the larger attractions. 50% of staying visitors and 45% of day visitors are aware of the Spitfire Museum at Manston (Chysalis, 1997).

5.7.3 On the basis of findings from the Thanet Tourism Study (Chrysalis, 1998), it is expected that a proportion of passengers using LMA will stay overnight in the area either before their flight or on their return. This is expected to have a range of direct and indirect benefits to the tourism and recreation in Thanet.

5.7.4 LMA will not affect the existing and amenity value of the Thanet Bridleway Network. In fact the restrictions placed on the road west of Manston village to Manston Court Road are likely to add to the value of this amenity.

5.8 Communities and the Economy

5.8.1 Aviation is a substantial industry in the UK contributing £10.2 billion to Gross Domestic Product (1.4% of the total) and directly employing 180,000 people in the UK (0.8% of the total). The industry is supported by up to three times as many additional jobs through supply chain, induced effects and jobs depending on inbound and outbound travellers (OEF, 1999).

5.8.2 The OEF (1999) study identified the structure of direct UK Employment at airports as illustrated by Table 95. Around 60% of employees work directly for airlines or handling agents (e.g. as flight crew, check-in staff, maintenance crews etc). Another 10% work in concessions (retail outlets, restaurants), with 4% in freight /cargo businesses and 6% in control agencies (including HM Customs and Excise, immigration). The remainder work in a variety of organisations, including on-site ancillary activities such as hotels.

Table 95: Structure of Direct UK Employment at Airports

Category

% Breakdown

Total Employment

Airport operator

11

19,215

Airlines/Handling agents

60

104,808

Freight/Cargo

 4

6,987

Concessions

9

15,721

Control Agencies

6

10,481

Other

10

17,468

Total

 

174,680

OEF (1999)

5.8.3 OEF estimates that airport operators constitute only 11% of the total numbers of people employed in UK airports. This assessment only examines the direct and consequential impacts of employment generated by LMA and not other aircraft handling agents, airlines and other ancillary employers directly related to the airport (Table 95). This means that these figures are likely to be a significant underestimate.

5.8.4 In addition, jobs will be generated in other industries that support airports. Examples include jobs in energy sector (through fuel procurement), aerospace sector (through the supply of aircraft equipment), employment in the IT sector providing computer systems, construction workers building additional facilities and workers required to manufacture goods sold in airport retail outlets.

5.8.5 Predicted staff numbers to be employed at LMA are presented in Table 96. Estimates of total salaries provided by these jobs is provided in Table 97.

Table 96: Current and predicted numbers of staff employed at LMA

Grade

2002

2005

2010

2015

2020

Director

1

1

1

1

1

Manager

7

7

7

10

15

Supervisor

15

64

160

199

625

Administrator

25

71

177

221

695

Operations

12

12

12

18

24

Firefighter

36

64

64

72

84

ATC

24

30

30

36

44

ATE

16

16

16

16

16

Operator

146

638

1597

1993

6252

Security

24

152

380

474

1489

Customer

34

238

596

743

2332

Wiggins (2001)

Table 97: Salaries and additional salary payments (including direct taxation and National insurance contributions)

Grade

2002

2005

2010

2015

2020

Total salaries

6,630,110

21,937,606

49,733,744

61,852,156

186,167,885

Additional costs

2,718,345

8,994,418

20,390,835

25,359,384

76,328,833

Total employment cost

9,348,455

30,932,024

70,124,580

87,211,539

262,496,719

Wiggins (2001)

5.8.6 A range of multipliers have been selected to estimate the impact of the airport on the local economy both in Thanet and in the surrounding area (Table 98 and Table 99).

Table 98: Multipliers selected for indirect and induced jobs

Multiplier

Number

Source

Indirect jobs

1.11

OEF, 1999

Induced jobs

 0.25

OEF, 1999

Table 99: Multipliers selected for calculations of income injection

Multiplier

Low

High

Locals

1.25

1.53

Commuters

1.02

1.06

Induced investment

1.05

1.10

ADL previous UK socio-economic impact studies

5.8.7 This assessment identifies a range of consequential indirect and induced jobs from the growth of LMA (Table 100). These figures suggest that the growth of LMA is expected to have a significant impact on employment in Thanet and the local area. It is expected that by 2010, the airport itself will employ over 2,500 staff and that by 2020 this figure could be as many as 10,000. This will lead to greater economic growth in Thanet and it has been estimated could lead to a further 6,500 indirect and induced jobs in 2010 and more than 24,000 jobs in 2020. In addition, these benefits will lead to income injections both within Thanet and the local area (Table 101).

Table 100: Indirect and induced jobs from growth of LMA

 

2002

2005

2010

2015

2020

Indirect jobs – location non specific

377

1434

3374

4200

12850

Induced jobs in Thanet

50

190

447

556

1702

Induced jobs in Shepway

15

57

134

167

511

Induced jobs in Dover

15

57

134

167

511

Induced jobs in Canterbury

5

19

45

56

170

Total induced jobs from indirect jobs

94

358

844

1050

3212

Total induced jobs non specific

179

681

1604

1996

6107

ADL

Table 101: Income injection from spend by local and commuting staff over growth of LMA

 

2002

2005

2010

2015

2020

 

 

 

Low multiplier

 

 

Income injection by local staff

£4,875,081

£16,130,592

£36,568,930

£45,479,526

£136,888,151

Income injection from commuters

£2,784,646

£9,213,794

£20,888,173

£25,977,905

£78,190,512

Induced investment from spend

£6,961,616

£23,034,486

£52,220,432

£64,944,763

£195,476,280

 

 

 

High multiplier

 

 

Income injection by local staff

£5,967,099

£19,743,845

£44,760,370

£55,666,940

£167,551,097

Income injection from commuters

£2,893,848

£9,575,120

£21,707,317

£26,996,647

£81,256,806

Induced investment from spend

£7,293,121

£24,131,366

£54,707,119

£68,037,371

£204,784,674

(ADL) Local staff refers to staff living in Thanet. Commuter staff are those travelling from Dover, Canterbury and Shepway.

References

  • AOA (2001) Environmental Guidance Manual for Airports

  • Chysalis Marketing Research (1997) The Thanet Tourism Study

  • Department for the Environment Transport and Regions (1999) The Government's

  • Response to the Environment, Transport and Regional Affairs Committee's Report: Regional Air Services, Para 111.

  • Department of Transport, White Paper: Airports Policy (1985)

  • EA (1998) Policy and Practice for the Protection of Ground Water, Environment Agency

  • English Nature (2001) The North East Kent European Marine Sites Management Scheme

  • FAA (1997) Air Quality Procedures for Civilian Airports and Air Force Bases

  • Gibb Environmental (1999) Land Quality Assessments, Phase I and II

  • KBAP (1997) The Kent Biodiversity Action Plan, Kent Biodiversity Action Plan Steering Group

  • KCC (2000) Local Transport Plan for Kent 2001/02 to 2005/6

  • KCC (2000) The Kent Red Data Book: A Provisonal Guide to the Rare

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  • KCC (1994) The Kent Wildlife Habitat Survey: Thanet District Report and Target Notes

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Further references

  • Alan Griffith (1994), Environmental Management in Construction. McMillan

  • BAA Stansted (2000). Stansted Airport beyond 15 mppa. Consultation report.

  • BAA, Annual Report 1999/2000

  • Cobham Resource Consultants and Consultants in Environmental Sciences Ltd.

  • Manchester Airport, Runway 2. Environmental Statement

  • Croner’s (2001). Substances Hazardous to the Environment. Croners Publishers Limited

  • Croner’s (2001). Sustances Hazardous to Health. Emergency Spillage Guide. Croner Publications Ltd.

  • Department of the Environment, Welsh Office (1994). Planning Policy Guidance, Planning and Noise.

  • Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (2001). The Countryside – Environmental Quality and Economic and Social Development.

  • Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions (1999). Environmental Impact Assessment. DETR Circular

  • Department of the Environment (1990). Planning Policy Guidance: Archaeology and Planning. PPG16,

  • Department of the Environment, Transport Regions (1998). A new deal for transport: better for everyone

  • Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions: (1999). Preparing your organisation for transport in the future. The Benefits of green transport plans

  • Department of the Environment, Transport Regions (2000). The Future of Aviation

  • Department of the Environment (1998). Assessment of Groundwater Quality in England and Wales. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office

  • Department of Transport (1993), Runway Capacity to Serve the South East. Draper, Webb (1997). Air Quality Procedures for Civilian airports and Air Force Bases

  • Environment Agency.(2001). A Better Quality of Life in the South East. The Regional Sustainable Development Framework. South East England Regional Assembly

  • Environment Agency (1999), Policy and Practice for The Protection of Groundwater.

  • The Stationary Office E J Boast and Dr D R J Perkins. (2001) London Mnaston Airport, Manston.

  • Archaeological evaluations and Investigations of Passenger and Cargo side Taxiways and aprons. Trust for Thanet Archaeology.

  • Environment Agency (2000). Local environment agency plan. Kentish Stour

  • Environment Agency (1999). Local environment agency plan. North Kent

  • Environment Agency (1998). Local environment agency plan Kent Area. Environmental overview

  • Environment Agency (1999). Local environment agency plan. Kent area

  • Environment agency (1999). Local environment agency plan. North Kent Leap, Environmental overview

  • Environment Agency (1996). Water Pollution Incidents in England and Wales.

  • Gibb Environmental (1996). RAF Manston, Airfield Side. Land Quality Assessment Phase One: Desk Study. Ministry of Defence

  • Government Office for the South East, Government Office for East of England,

  • Government Office for London (2001). Regional Planning Guidance for the South East.RPG9,

  • John Glasson, Riki Therivel, Andrew Chadwick. Introduction to Environmental Impact

  • Assessment. The Natural and Built Environment Series 1. UCL

  • Kent County Council (2000), East Kent Strategic Area Framework. SRB6 Bid

  • Kent County Council (2000). Opportunities for Kent, The Vision

  • Kent Economic Forum (1999). Kent Economic Report, Informing Kent’s Future

  • Kent County Council (1999). Regional economic Strategy, Kent County Council Action Plan

  • Kent County Council, Local Transport Plan Summary 2001/2 – 2005/6

  • Kent County Council, Kent Property Market 2000

  • Kent County Council (1996). Kent Structure Plan. Adopted Plan and Explanatory Memorandum

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  • Network Annual Report 1999. Kent Air Quality Partnership

  • Kent County Council (1995). Air Quality Management System for Kent. Kent County Council

  • Kent Tourism (2001). Kent Tourism Facts 2000. Kent Tourism Economic Development Unit.

  • Kent County Council (1996). Kent Coastal Habitat Report

  • Kent County Council (1998). North East Kent. Landscape assessment and guidelines

  • Kent County Council (1997). Kent Biodiversity Action Plan. A framework for the future of Kent’s wildlife.

  • Kent County Council (2000). Environmental Capital of the Chalk Coast of Kent. Chalk Coast Communities Project Steering Group

  • Kent County Council (1994). Thanet District Report and Target Note. The Kent Wildlife Habitate Survey

  • Kent County Council (2000). The Kent red data book

  • London Luton Airport Operations Limited (2000). Annual Report and Financial Statements

  • National Rivers Authority (1992) Policy and Practice for the Protection of Groundwater.

  • NRA National Rivers Authority (1992). Policy and Practice for the Protection of Groundwater Regional Appendix Southern Region. NRA

  • Oxford Economic Forecasting (1999). The Contribution of the Aviation Industry to the UK Economy

  • Peter Morris, Riki Therivel. Methods of Environmental Impact Assessment. The Natural and Built Environment Series 2. UCL

  • Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. Freshwater Quality. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office

  • SEETB (1998). Thanet, A Tourism Strategy, Draft.

  • SEETB. The Thanet Tourism Study. Chrysalis Marketing Research

  • Thanet District Council (2000). The Future of Air Quality in Thanet. Thanet District

  • Council Environmental Protection Team

  • Thanet District Council (2001/2002). Economic Development Strategy

  • Thanet Distrct Council. Contaminated Land Strategy Version 4.1

  • WMO and UNEP (1999). IPCC Special Report. Aviation and the Global Atmosphere.

  • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

  • WMO and UNEP (1999). Aviation and the Global Atmosphere. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change